DSE Chem revision
Topic 3. Metals
A. Occurrence and extraction of metals
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occurrence of metals in nature in free state and in combined forms
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obtaining metals by heating metal oxides or by heating metal oxides with carbon extraction of metals by electrolysis
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relation of the discovery of metals with the ease of extraction of metals and the availability of raw materials
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limited reserves of metals and their conservations
B. Reactivity of metals
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reactions of some common metals (sodium, calcium, magnesium, zinc, iron, lead, copper, etc.) with oxygen/air, water, dilute hydrochloric acid and dilute sulphuric acid
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metal reactivity series and the tendency of metals to form positive ions
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displacement reactions and their interpretations based on the reactivity series
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prediction of the occurrence of reactions involving metals using the reactivity series
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relation between the extraction method of a metal and its position in the metal reactivity series
C. Reacting masses
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quantitative relationship of the reactants and the products in a reaction as revealed by a chemical equation
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the mole, Avogadro’s constant and molar mass
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percentage by mass of an element in a compound
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empirical formulae and molecular formulae derived from experimental data
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reacting masses from chemical equations
D. Corrosion of metals and their protection
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factors that influence the rusting of iron
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methods used to prevent rusting of iron
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socioeconomic implications of rusting of iron
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corrosion resistance of aluminium
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anodisation as a method to enhance corrosion resistance of aluminium
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